Verbs

The word Verb is derived from Latin Word VERBUM, which means a Word. It is an important word of a sentence. A verb tells us:

(1) What a person or thing does
E.g.: (a) She sits (b) He runs etc

Transitive and Intransitive:
(2) What is done to a person or thing is called a Transitive (Passing over) Verb.
E.g.: (a) He eats (food) (b) You write (letters)

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Tenses of Verb (Present, Past, Future)

Tense of verb shows the “time” of an action or event, accordingly:

(1) A verb that refers to present time is called Present Tense.
e.g., I eat, We go, Horse runs etc.

(2) A verb that refers to past time is called Past Tense.
e.g., I ate, We slept, Boys played etc

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Personal Pronouns

While mentioning the subjects in the sentences we avoid o repeat the proper nouns and in their place, we use Personal Pronouns.
e.g. For Ahmed drinks a milk, we can write, he drinks milk.

They are called Persons. Read the following examples.
I go, we go, you go, He (She, it) goes, they go.

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Interrogative Pronouns (WH Pronouns)

These are the pronouns used for asking questions.
e.g.

1) Who comes here every day?

2) Whose in this house?

3) Whom did she like?

4) What do you want?

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Form of Tenses in Verb

According to completeness or incompleteness of the actions of verbs. There are four forms of each tense (Present, Past, Future).

Indefinite or Simple:The Verb in this form of tense expresses the action simply without mentioning about the completeness or incompleteness of the work.
e.g. I come, We go, You eat, I played, They went, You’ll sleep etc.

Continuous:
The verb in this form of tense expresses incomplete or continuous action.
e.g., I am going, You were going, She’ll be going etc.

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Active and Passive Voice

Compare the sentences.

(1) Salma helps Sara (2) Sara is helped by Salma


Both the sentences have the same meaning. In first sentence, Salma (Subject) does the work on Sara (Object) it is called Active Voice.


In second sentence, something (help) is done to Sara (denoted by the subject). In short, in Active Voice person denoted by the subject does something and is the

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Auxiliaries

Following is the list of Auxiliaries.

• Be (is, am, are, was, were, being, been)
• Have
• Do
• Can (can, could)
• May (may, might)
• Shall (shall, should)
• Will (will, would, won’t)
• Must
• Used
• Ought
• Need
• Dare

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Strong and Weak Verbs

The principal parts of a verb in English are

Present (First Form)             Past (Second Form)             Past Participle (Third Form)

Weak Verbs:

These verbs end in ‘d’ and ‘t’ and have the same form for present and past.

Examples 

	1st Form	2nd Form	3rd Form
Put	Put	Put	Put
Hit	Hit	Hit	Hit
Shut	Shut	Shut	Shut
Spread	Spread	Spread	Spread
Shed	Shed	Shed	Shed

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